Rename interpretor to interpreter.
[Faustine.git] / interpreter / preprocessor / faust-0.9.47mr3 / benchmark / alsa-gtk-bench.cpp
diff --git a/interpreter/preprocessor/faust-0.9.47mr3/benchmark/alsa-gtk-bench.cpp b/interpreter/preprocessor/faust-0.9.47mr3/benchmark/alsa-gtk-bench.cpp
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..aaf828d
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1680 @@
+/* link with : "" */
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <gtk/gtk.h>
+#include <pthread.h> 
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <list>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+
+using namespace std;
+
+// handle 32/64 bits int size issues
+
+#ifdef __x86_64__
+
+#define uint32 unsigned int
+#define uint64 unsigned long int
+
+#define int32  int
+#define int64  long int
+
+#else
+
+#define uint32 unsigned int
+#define uint64 unsigned long long int
+
+#define int32  int
+#define int64  long long int
+#endif
+
+// check 32/64 bits issues are correctly handled
+
+#define CHECKINTSIZE \
+       assert(sizeof(int32)==4);\
+       assert(sizeof(int64)==8);
+
+
+
+
+// On Intel set FZ (Flush to Zero) and DAZ (Denormals Are Zero)
+// flags to avoid costly denormals
+#ifdef __SSE__
+    #include <xmmintrin.h>
+    #ifdef __SSE2__
+        #define AVOIDDENORMALS _mm_setcsr(_mm_getcsr() | 0x8040)
+    #else
+        #define AVOIDDENORMALS _mm_setcsr(_mm_getcsr() | 0x8000)
+    #endif
+#else
+    #define AVOIDDENORMALS 
+#endif
+
+//#define BENCHMARKMODE
+
+// g++ -Wall -O3 -lm -lpthread -lasound `gtk-config --cflags --libs` test.cpp -o test
+
+#define check_error(err) if (err) { printf("%s:%d, alsa error %d : %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, err, snd_strerror(err)); exit(1); }
+#define check_error_msg(err,msg) if (err) { fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d, %s : %s(%d)\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, msg, snd_strerror(err), err); exit(1); }
+#define display_error_msg(err,msg) if (err) { fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d, %s : %s(%d)\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, msg, snd_strerror(err), err); }
+
+#define max(x,y) (((x)>(y)) ? (x) : (y))
+#define min(x,y) (((x)<(y)) ? (x) : (y))
+
+// abs is now predefined
+//template<typename T> T abs (T a)                     { return (a<T(0)) ? -a : a; }
+
+
+inline int             lsr (int x, int n)                      { return int(((unsigned int)x) >> n); }
+
+
+inline int int2pow2 (int x)    { int r=0; while ((1<<r)<x) r++; return r; }
+
+
+/**
+ * Used to set the priority and scheduling of the audio thread 
+ */
+bool setRealtimePriority ()
+{
+    struct passwd *         pw;
+    int                     err;
+    uid_t                   uid;
+    struct sched_param      param;  
+
+    uid = getuid ();
+    pw = getpwnam ("root");
+    setuid (pw->pw_uid); 
+    param.sched_priority = 99; /* 0 to 99  */
+    err = sched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_FIFO, &param); 
+    setuid (uid);
+    return (err != -1);
+}
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                              VECTOR INTRINSICS
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+//inline void *aligned_calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size) { return (void*)((unsigned)(calloc((nmemb*size)+15,sizeof(char)))+15 & 0xfffffff0); }
+//inline void *aligned_calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size) { return (void*)((size_t)(calloc((nmemb*size)+15,sizeof(char)))+15 & ~15); }
+
+
+<<includeIntrinsic>>
+
+#define BENCHMARKMODE
+
+#ifdef BENCHMARKMODE
+
+/**
+ * Returns the number of clock cycles elapsed since the last reset
+ * of the processor
+ */
+static __inline__ uint64 rdtsc(void)
+{
+       union {
+               uint32 i32[2];
+               uint64 i64;
+       } count;
+       
+       __asm__ __volatile__("rdtsc" : "=a" (count.i32[0]), "=d" (count.i32[1]));
+
+     return count.i64;
+}
+
+#define KSKIP 20
+#define KMESURE 600
+
+int mesure = 0;
+
+// these values are used to determine the number of clocks in a second
+uint64 firstRDTSC;
+uint64 lastRDTSC;
+
+// these tables contains the last KMESURE in clocks
+uint64 starts[KMESURE];
+uint64 stops [KMESURE];
+
+#define STARTMESURE starts[mesure%KMESURE] = rdtsc();
+#define STOPMESURE stops[mesure%KMESURE] = rdtsc(); mesure = mesure+1;
+
+struct timeval                 tv1;
+struct timeval                 tv2;
+
+void openMesure()
+{
+       struct timezone         tz;
+       gettimeofday(&tv1, &tz);
+       firstRDTSC  = rdtsc();
+}
+
+void closeMesure()
+{
+       struct timezone         tz;
+       gettimeofday(&tv2, &tz);
+       lastRDTSC  = rdtsc();
+}
+       
+/**
+ * return the number of RDTSC clocks per seconds
+ */
+int64 rdtscpersec()
+{
+       // If the environment variable CLOCKSPERSEC is defined
+       // we use it instead of our own measurement
+       char* str = getenv("CLOCKSPERSEC");
+    if (str) {
+           int64 cps = (int64) atoll(str);
+        if (cps > 1000000000) {
+                   return cps;
+           } else {
+                   return (lastRDTSC-firstRDTSC) / (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec) ;
+           }
+    } else {
+        return (lastRDTSC-firstRDTSC) / (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec) ;
+    }   
+}
+
+    
+/**
+ * Converts a duration, expressed in RDTSC clocks, into seconds
+ */
+double rdtsc2sec( uint64 clk)
+{
+       return double(clk) / double(rdtscpersec());
+}
+
+double rdtsc2sec( double clk)
+{
+       return clk / double(rdtscpersec());
+}
+
+    
+/**
+ * Converts RDTSC clocks into Megabytes/seconds according to the
+ * number of frames processed during the period, the number of channels
+ * and 4 bytes samples.
+ */
+double megapersec(int frames, int chans, uint64 clk)
+{
+       return double(frames*chans*4)/double(1024*1024*rdtsc2sec(clk));
+}
+
+    
+/**
+ * Compute the mean value of a vector of measures
+ */
+static uint64 meanValue( vector<uint64>::const_iterator a, vector<uint64>::const_iterator b)
+{
+       uint64 r = 0;
+       unsigned int n = 0;
+       while (a!=b) { r += *a++; n++; }
+       return (n>0) ? r/n : 0;
+}   
+
+/**
+ * Print the median value (in Megabytes/second) of KMESURE
+ * throughputs measurements
+ */
+void printstats(const char* applname, int bsize, int ichans, int ochans)
+{
+    assert(mesure > KMESURE);
+    vector<uint64> V(KMESURE);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i<KMESURE; i++) {
+        V[i] = stops[i] - starts[i];
+    }
+
+    sort(V.begin(), V.end());
+  
+    // Mean of 10 best values (gives relatively stable results)
+    uint64 meaval00 = meanValue(V.begin(), V.begin()+ 5);                      
+    uint64 meaval25 = meanValue(V.begin()+KMESURE/4 - 2, V.begin()+KMESURE/4 + 3);                     
+    uint64 meaval50 = meanValue(V.begin()+KMESURE/2 - 2, V.begin()+KMESURE/2 + 3);                     
+    uint64 meaval75 = meanValue(V.begin()+3*KMESURE/4 - 2, V.begin()+3*KMESURE/4 + 3);                 
+    uint64 meaval100 = meanValue(V.end() - 5, V.end());                        
+  
+    //printing
+    cout << applname
+         << '\t' << megapersec(bsize, ichans+ochans, meaval00) 
+         << '\t' << megapersec(bsize, ichans+ochans, meaval25) 
+         << '\t' << megapersec(bsize, ichans+ochans, meaval50) 
+         << '\t' << megapersec(bsize, ichans+ochans, meaval75) 
+         << '\t' << megapersec(bsize, ichans+ochans, meaval100) 
+         << endl;
+    
+}
+
+#else
+
+#define STARTMESURE
+#define STOPMESURE
+
+#endif
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                               AUDIO INTERFACE
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+enum { kRead = 1, kWrite = 2, kReadWrite = 3 };
+
+
+/**
+ * A convenient class to pass parameters to AudioInterface
+ */
+class AudioParam
+{
+  public:
+                       
+       const char*             fCardName;                                      
+       unsigned int    fFrequency;
+       unsigned int    fBuffering; 
+       unsigned int    fPeriods; 
+       
+       unsigned int    fSoftInputs;
+       unsigned int    fSoftOutputs;
+       
+  public :
+       AudioParam() : 
+               fCardName("hw:0"),
+               fFrequency(44100),
+               fBuffering(512),
+               fPeriods(2),
+               fSoftInputs(2),
+               fSoftOutputs(2)
+       {}
+       
+       AudioParam&     cardName(const char* n) { fCardName = n;                return *this; }
+       AudioParam&     frequency(int f)                { fFrequency = f;               return *this; }
+       AudioParam&     buffering(int fpb)              { fBuffering = fpb;     return *this; }
+       AudioParam&     periods(int p)                  { fPeriods = p;                 return *this; }
+       AudioParam&     inputs(int n)                   { fSoftInputs = n;              return *this; }
+       AudioParam&     outputs(int n)                  { fSoftOutputs = n;     return *this; }
+};
+
+
+
+/**
+ * An ALSA audio interface
+ */
+class AudioInterface : public AudioParam
+{
+ public :
+       snd_pcm_t*                              fOutputDevice ;         
+       snd_pcm_t*                              fInputDevice ;                  
+       snd_pcm_hw_params_t*    fInputParams;
+       snd_pcm_hw_params_t*    fOutputParams;
+       
+       snd_pcm_format_t                fSampleFormat;
+       snd_pcm_access_t                fSampleAccess;
+       
+       unsigned int                    fCardInputs;
+       unsigned int                    fCardOutputs;
+       
+       unsigned int                    fChanInputs;
+       unsigned int                    fChanOutputs;
+       
+       // interleaved mode audiocard buffers
+       void*           fInputCardBuffer;
+       void*           fOutputCardBuffer;
+       
+       // non interleaved mode audiocard buffers
+       void*           fInputCardChannels[256];
+       void*           fOutputCardChannels[256];
+       
+       // non interleaved mod, floating point software buffers
+       float*          fInputSoftChannels[256];
+       float*          fOutputSoftChannels[256];
+
+ public :
+       const char*     cardName()                              { return fCardName;     }
+       int                     frequency()                             { return fFrequency;    }
+       int                     buffering()                             { return fBuffering;    }
+       int                     periods()                               { return fPeriods;      }
+       
+       float**         inputSoftChannels()             { return fInputSoftChannels;    }
+       float**         outputSoftChannels()    { return fOutputSoftChannels;   }
+
+       
+       AudioInterface(const AudioParam& ap = AudioParam()) : AudioParam(ap)
+       {
+               
+               fInputDevice                    = 0;
+               fOutputDevice                   = 0;
+               fInputParams                    = 0;
+               fOutputParams                   = 0;
+       }
+       
+       
+       /**
+        * Open the audio interface
+        */
+       void open()
+       {
+               int err;
+               
+               // allocation d'un stream d'entree et d'un stream de sortie
+               err = snd_pcm_open( &fInputDevice,  fCardName, SND_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, 0 );     check_error(err)
+               err = snd_pcm_open( &fOutputDevice, fCardName, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, 0 );    check_error(err)
+
+               // recherche des parametres d'entree
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_malloc  ( &fInputParams );      check_error(err);
+               setAudioParams(fInputDevice, fInputParams);
+
+               // recherche des parametres de sortie
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_malloc  ( &fOutputParams );             check_error(err)
+               setAudioParams(fOutputDevice, fOutputParams);
+               
+               // set the number of physical input and output channels close to what we need
+               fCardInputs     = fSoftInputs;
+               fCardOutputs    = fSoftOutputs;
+               
+               snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels_near(fInputDevice, fInputParams, &fCardInputs);
+               snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels_near(fOutputDevice, fOutputParams, &fCardOutputs);
+
+               printf("inputs : %u, outputs : %u\n", fCardInputs, fCardOutputs);
+
+               // enregistrement des parametres d'entree-sortie
+               
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params (fInputDevice,  fInputParams );         check_error (err);
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params (fOutputDevice, fOutputParams );        check_error (err);
+
+               //assert(snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(fInputParams,NULL) == snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(fOutputParams,NULL));
+
+               // allocation of alsa buffers
+               if (fSampleAccess == SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED) {
+                       fInputCardBuffer = calloc(interleavedBufferSize(fInputParams), 1);
+                       fOutputCardBuffer = calloc(interleavedBufferSize(fOutputParams), 1);
+                       
+               } else {
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fCardInputs; i++) {
+                               fInputCardChannels[i] = calloc(noninterleavedBufferSize(fInputParams), 1);
+                       }
+                       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fCardOutputs; i++) {
+                               fOutputCardChannels[i] = calloc(noninterleavedBufferSize(fOutputParams), 1);
+                       }
+                       
+               }
+               
+               // allocation of floating point buffers needed by the dsp code
+               
+               fChanInputs = max(fSoftInputs, fCardInputs);            assert (fChanInputs < 256);
+               fChanOutputs = max(fSoftOutputs, fCardOutputs);         assert (fChanOutputs < 256);
+
+               for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fChanInputs; i++) {
+                       fInputSoftChannels[i] = (float*) calloc (fBuffering, sizeof(float));
+                       for (int j = 0; j < fBuffering; j++) {
+                               fInputSoftChannels[i][j] = 0.0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fChanOutputs; i++) {
+                       fOutputSoftChannels[i] = (float*) calloc (fBuffering, sizeof(float));
+                       for (int j = 0; j < fBuffering; j++) {
+                               fOutputSoftChannels[i][j] = 0.0;
+                       }
+               }
+
+
+       }
+       
+       
+       void setAudioParams(snd_pcm_t* stream, snd_pcm_hw_params_t* params)
+       {       
+               int     err;
+
+               // set params record with initial values
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_any     ( stream, params );     
+               check_error_msg(err, "unable to init parameters")
+
+               // set alsa access mode (and fSampleAccess field) either to non interleaved or interleaved
+                               
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access (stream, params, SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED );
+               if (err) {
+                       err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access (stream, params, SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED );
+                       check_error_msg(err, "unable to set access mode neither to non-interleaved or to interleaved");
+               }
+               snd_pcm_hw_params_get_access(params, &fSampleAccess);
+               
+
+               // search for 32-bits or 16-bits format
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format (stream, params, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32);
+               if (err) {
+                       err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format (stream, params, SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16);
+                       check_error_msg(err, "unable to set format to either 32-bits or 16-bits");
+               }
+               snd_pcm_hw_params_get_format(params, &fSampleFormat);
+               // set sample frequency
+               snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near (stream, params, &fFrequency, 0); 
+
+               // set period and period size (buffering)
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_size (stream, params, fBuffering, 0);        
+               check_error_msg(err, "period size not available");
+               
+               err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_periods (stream, params, fPeriods, 0);                      
+               check_error_msg(err, "number of periods not available");
+
+       }
+
+
+       ssize_t interleavedBufferSize (snd_pcm_hw_params_t* params)
+       {
+               _snd_pcm_format         format;         snd_pcm_hw_params_get_format(params, &format);
+               snd_pcm_uframes_t       psize;          snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(params, &psize, NULL);
+               unsigned int            channels;       snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels(params, &channels);
+               ssize_t bsize = snd_pcm_format_size (format, psize * channels);
+               return bsize;
+       }
+
+
+       ssize_t noninterleavedBufferSize (snd_pcm_hw_params_t* params)
+       {
+               _snd_pcm_format         format;         snd_pcm_hw_params_get_format(params, &format);
+               snd_pcm_uframes_t       psize;          snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(params, &psize, NULL);
+               ssize_t bsize = snd_pcm_format_size (format, psize);
+               return bsize;
+       }
+
+
+       void close()
+       {
+       }
+
+
+
+       /**
+        * Read audio samples from the audio card. Convert samples to floats and take 
+        * care of interleaved buffers
+        */
+       void read()
+       {
+               
+               if (fSampleAccess == SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED) {
+                       
+                       int count = snd_pcm_readi(fInputDevice, fInputCardBuffer, fBuffering);  
+                       if (count<0) { 
+                               display_error_msg(count, "reading samples");
+                                int err = snd_pcm_prepare(fInputDevice);       
+                                check_error_msg(err, "preparing input stream");
+                       }
+                       
+                       if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16) {
+
+                               short*  buffer16b = (short*) fInputCardBuffer;
+                               for (int s = 0; s < fBuffering; s++) {
+                                       for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardInputs; c++) {
+                                               fInputSoftChannels[c][s] = float(buffer16b[c + s*fCardInputs])*(1.0/float(SHRT_MAX));
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32) {
+
+                               int*    buffer32b = (int*) fInputCardBuffer;
+                               for (int s = 0; s < fBuffering; s++) {
+                                       for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardInputs; c++) {
+                                               fInputSoftChannels[c][s] = float(buffer32b[c + s*fCardInputs])*(1.0/float(INT_MAX));
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       } else {
+
+                               printf("unrecognized input sample format : %u\n", fSampleFormat);
+                               exit(1);
+                       }
+                       
+               } else if (fSampleAccess == SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED) {
+                       
+                       int count = snd_pcm_readn(fInputDevice, fInputCardChannels, fBuffering);        
+                       if (count<0) { 
+                               display_error_msg(count, "reading samples");
+                                int err = snd_pcm_prepare(fInputDevice);       
+                                check_error_msg(err, "preparing input stream");
+                       }
+                       
+                       if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16) {
+
+                               for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardInputs; c++) {
+                                       short*  chan16b = (short*) fInputCardChannels[c];
+                                       for (int s = 0; s < fBuffering; s++) {
+                                               fInputSoftChannels[c][s] = float(chan16b[s])*(1.0/float(SHRT_MAX));
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32) { 
+
+                               for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardInputs; c++) {
+                                       int*    chan32b = (int*) fInputCardChannels[c];
+                                       for (int s = 0; s < fBuffering; s++) {
+                                               fInputSoftChannels[c][s] = float(chan32b[s])*(1.0/float(INT_MAX));
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       } else {
+
+                               printf("unrecognized input sample format : %u\n", fSampleFormat);
+                               exit(1);
+                       }
+                       
+               } else {
+                       check_error_msg(-10000, "unknow access mode");
+               }
+
+
+       }
+
+
+       /**
+        * write the output soft channels to the audio card. Convert sample 
+        * format and interleaves buffers when needed
+        */
+       void write()
+       {
+               recovery :
+                               
+               if (fSampleAccess == SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED) {
+                       
+                       if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16) {
+
+                               short* buffer16b = (short*) fOutputCardBuffer;
+                               for (int f = 0; f < fBuffering; f++) {
+                                       for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardOutputs; c++) {
+                                               float x = fOutputSoftChannels[c][f];
+                                               buffer16b[c + f*fCardOutputs] = short( max(min(x,1.0),-1.0) * float(SHRT_MAX) ) ;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32)  {
+
+                               int* buffer32b = (int*) fOutputCardBuffer;
+                               for (int f = 0; f < fBuffering; f++) {
+                                       for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardOutputs; c++) {
+                                               float x = fOutputSoftChannels[c][f];
+                                               buffer32b[c + f*fCardOutputs] = int( max(min(x,1.0),-1.0) * float(INT_MAX) ) ;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       } else {
+
+                               printf("unrecognized output sample format : %u\n", fSampleFormat);
+                               exit(1);
+                       }
+
+                       int count = snd_pcm_writei(fOutputDevice, fOutputCardBuffer, fBuffering);       
+                       if (count<0) { 
+                               display_error_msg(count, "w3"); 
+                               int err = snd_pcm_prepare(fOutputDevice);       
+                               check_error_msg(err, "preparing output stream");
+                               goto recovery;
+                       }
+                       
+                       
+               } else if (fSampleAccess == SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED) {
+                       
+                       if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16) {
+
+                               for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardOutputs; c++) {
+                                       short* chan16b = (short*) fOutputCardChannels[c];
+                                       for (int f = 0; f < fBuffering; f++) {
+                                               float x = fOutputSoftChannels[c][f];
+                                               chan16b[f] = short( max(min(x,1.0),-1.0) * float(SHRT_MAX) ) ;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else if (fSampleFormat == SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32) { 
+
+                               for (unsigned int c = 0; c < fCardOutputs; c++) {
+                                       int* chan32b = (int*) fOutputCardChannels[c];
+                                       for (int f = 0; f < fBuffering; f++) {
+                                               float x = fOutputSoftChannels[c][f];
+                                               chan32b[f] = int( max(min(x,1.0),-1.0) * float(INT_MAX) ) ;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                       } else {
+
+                               printf("unrecognized output sample format : %u\n", fSampleFormat);
+                               exit(1);
+                       }
+
+                       int count = snd_pcm_writen(fOutputDevice, fOutputCardChannels, fBuffering);     
+                       if (count<0) { 
+                               display_error_msg(count, "w3"); 
+                               int err = snd_pcm_prepare(fOutputDevice);       
+                               check_error_msg(err, "preparing output stream");
+                               goto recovery;
+                       }
+                       
+               } else {
+                       check_error_msg(-10000, "unknow access mode");
+               }
+       }
+
+
+       
+       /**
+        *  print short information on the audio device
+        */
+       void shortinfo()
+       {
+               int                                             err;
+               snd_ctl_card_info_t*    card_info;
+       snd_ctl_t*                              ctl_handle;
+               err = snd_ctl_open (&ctl_handle, fCardName, 0);         check_error(err);
+               snd_ctl_card_info_alloca (&card_info);
+               err = snd_ctl_card_info(ctl_handle, card_info);         check_error(err);
+               printf("%s|%d|%d|%d|%d|%s\n", 
+                               snd_ctl_card_info_get_driver(card_info),
+                               fCardInputs, fCardOutputs,
+                               fFrequency, fBuffering,
+                               snd_pcm_format_name((_snd_pcm_format)fSampleFormat));
+       }
+                                       
+       /**
+        *  print more detailled information on the audio device
+        */
+       void longinfo()
+       {
+               int                                             err;
+               snd_ctl_card_info_t*    card_info;
+       snd_ctl_t*                              ctl_handle;
+
+               printf("Audio Interface Description :\n");
+               printf("Sampling Frequency : %d, Sample Format : %s, buffering : %d\n", 
+                               fFrequency, snd_pcm_format_name((_snd_pcm_format)fSampleFormat), fBuffering);
+               printf("Software inputs : %2d, Software outputs : %2d\n", fSoftInputs, fSoftOutputs);
+               printf("Hardware inputs : %2d, Hardware outputs : %2d\n", fCardInputs, fCardOutputs);
+               printf("Channel inputs  : %2d, Channel outputs  : %2d\n", fChanInputs, fChanOutputs);
+               
+               // affichage des infos de la carte
+               err = snd_ctl_open (&ctl_handle, fCardName, 0);         check_error(err);
+               snd_ctl_card_info_alloca (&card_info);
+               err = snd_ctl_card_info(ctl_handle, card_info);         check_error(err);
+               printCardInfo(card_info);
+
+               // affichage des infos liees aux streams d'entree-sortie
+               if (fSoftInputs > 0)    printHWParams(fInputParams);
+               if (fSoftOutputs > 0)   printHWParams(fOutputParams);
+       }
+       
+       void printCardInfo(snd_ctl_card_info_t* ci)
+       {
+               printf("Card info (address : %p)\n", ci);
+               printf("\tID         = %s\n", snd_ctl_card_info_get_id(ci));
+               printf("\tDriver     = %s\n", snd_ctl_card_info_get_driver(ci));
+               printf("\tName       = %s\n", snd_ctl_card_info_get_name(ci));
+               printf("\tLongName   = %s\n", snd_ctl_card_info_get_longname(ci));
+               printf("\tMixerName  = %s\n", snd_ctl_card_info_get_mixername(ci));
+               printf("\tComponents = %s\n", snd_ctl_card_info_get_components(ci));
+               printf("--------------\n");
+       }
+
+       void printHWParams( snd_pcm_hw_params_t* params )
+       {
+               printf("HW Params info (address : %p)\n", params);
+#if 0
+               printf("\tChannels    = %d\n", snd_pcm_hw_params_get_channels(params));
+               printf("\tFormat      = %s\n", snd_pcm_format_name((_snd_pcm_format)snd_pcm_hw_params_get_format(params)));
+               printf("\tAccess      = %s\n", snd_pcm_access_name((_snd_pcm_access)snd_pcm_hw_params_get_access(params)));
+               printf("\tRate        = %d\n", snd_pcm_hw_params_get_rate(params, NULL));
+               printf("\tPeriods     = %d\n", snd_pcm_hw_params_get_periods(params, NULL));
+               printf("\tPeriod size = %d\n", (int)snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(params, NULL));
+               printf("\tPeriod time = %d\n", snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_time(params, NULL));
+               printf("\tBuffer size = %d\n", (int)snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size(params));
+               printf("\tBuffer time = %d\n", snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_time(params, NULL));
+#endif
+               printf("--------------\n");
+       }
+
+       
+};
+
+
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                               GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE (v2)
+                                                                 abstract interfaces
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <map>
+#include <list>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+struct Meta : map<const char*, const char*>
+{
+    void declare (const char* key, const char* value) { (*this)[key]=value; }
+};
+
+
+struct uiItem;
+typedef void (*uiCallback)(float val, void* data);
+
+/**
+ * Graphic User Interface : abstract definition
+ */
+
+class UI 
+{
+       typedef list<uiItem*> clist;
+       typedef map<float*, clist*> zmap;
+       
+ private:
+       static list<UI*>        fGuiList;
+       zmap                            fZoneMap;
+       bool                            fStopped;
+       
+ public:
+               
+       UI() : fStopped(false) {        
+               fGuiList.push_back(this);
+       }
+       
+       virtual ~UI() {
+               // suppression de this dans fGuiList
+       }
+
+       // -- zone management
+       
+       void registerZone(float* z, uiItem* c)
+       {
+               if (fZoneMap.find(z) == fZoneMap.end()) fZoneMap[z] = new clist();
+               fZoneMap[z]->push_back(c);
+       }       
+
+       // -- saveState(filename) : save the value of every zone to a file
+       
+       void saveState(const char* filename)    
+       {
+               ofstream f(filename);
+               
+               for (zmap::iterator i=fZoneMap.begin(); i!=fZoneMap.end(); i++) { 
+                       f << *(i->first) << ' ';
+               } 
+               
+               f << endl;
+               f.close();
+       }
+
+       // -- recallState(filename) : load the value of every zone from a file
+       
+       void recallState(const char* filename)  
+       {
+               ifstream f(filename);
+               if (f.good()) {
+                       for (zmap::iterator i=fZoneMap.begin(); i!=fZoneMap.end(); i++) { 
+                               f >> *(i->first);
+                       } 
+               }
+               f.close();
+       }
+       
+       void updateAllZones();
+       
+       void updateZone(float* z);
+       
+       static void updateAllGuis()
+       {
+               list<UI*>::iterator g;
+               for (g = fGuiList.begin(); g != fGuiList.end(); g++) {
+                       (*g)->updateAllZones();
+               }
+       }
+       
+       // -- active widgets
+       
+       virtual void addButton(const char* label, float* zone) = 0;
+       virtual void addToggleButton(const char* label, float* zone) = 0;
+       virtual void addCheckButton(const char* label, float* zone) = 0;
+       virtual void addVerticalSlider(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step) = 0;
+       virtual void addHorizontalSlider(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step) = 0;
+       virtual void addNumEntry(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step) = 0;
+       
+       // -- passive widgets
+       
+       virtual void addNumDisplay(const char* label, float* zone, int precision) = 0;
+       virtual void addTextDisplay(const char* label, float* zone, char* names[], float min, float max) = 0;
+       virtual void addHorizontalBargraph(const char* label, float* zone, float min, float max) = 0;
+       virtual void addVerticalBargraph(const char* label, float* zone, float min, float max) = 0;
+       
+       void addCallback(float* zone, uiCallback foo, void* data);
+       
+       // -- widget's layouts
+       
+       virtual void openFrameBox(const char* label) = 0;
+       virtual void openTabBox(const char* label) = 0;
+       virtual void openHorizontalBox(const char* label) = 0;
+       virtual void openVerticalBox(const char* label) = 0;
+       virtual void closeBox() = 0;
+       
+       virtual void show() = 0;
+       virtual void run() = 0;
+       
+       void stop()             { fStopped = true; }
+       bool stopped()  { return fStopped; }
+
+    virtual void declare(float* zone, const char* key, const char* value) {}
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * User Interface Item: abstract definition
+ */
+
+class uiItem
+{
+  protected :
+                 
+       UI*             fGUI;
+       float*          fZone;
+       float           fCache;
+       
+       uiItem (UI* ui, float* zone) : fGUI(ui), fZone(zone), fCache(-123456.654321) 
+       { 
+               ui->registerZone(zone, this); 
+       }
+       
+       
+  public :
+       
+       virtual ~uiItem() {}
+
+       void modifyZone(float v)        
+       { 
+               fCache = v;
+               if (*fZone != v) {
+                       *fZone = v;
+                       fGUI->updateZone(fZone);
+               }
+       }
+                       
+       float                   cache()                 { return fCache; }
+       virtual void    reflectZone()   = 0;    
+};
+
+
+/**
+ * Callback Item
+ */
+
+struct uiCallbackItem : public uiItem
+{
+       uiCallback      fCallback;
+       void*           fData;
+       
+       uiCallbackItem(UI* ui, float* zone, uiCallback foo, void* data) 
+                       : uiItem(ui, zone), fCallback(foo), fData(data) {}
+       
+       virtual void    reflectZone() {         
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v; 
+               fCallback(v, fData);    
+       }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Update all user items reflecting zone z
+ */
+
+inline void UI::updateZone(float* z)
+{
+       float   v = *z;
+       clist*  l = fZoneMap[z];
+       for (clist::iterator c = l->begin(); c != l->end(); c++) {
+               if ((*c)->cache() != v) (*c)->reflectZone();
+       }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Update all user items not up to date
+ */
+
+inline void UI::updateAllZones()
+{
+       for (zmap::iterator m = fZoneMap.begin(); m != fZoneMap.end(); m++) {
+               float*  z = m->first;
+               clist*  l = m->second;
+               float   v = *z;
+               for (clist::iterator c = l->begin(); c != l->end(); c++) {
+                       if ((*c)->cache() != v) (*c)->reflectZone();
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+inline void UI::addCallback(float* zone, uiCallback foo, void* data) 
+{ 
+       new uiCallbackItem(this, zone, foo, data); 
+};
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                               GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE
+                                                                 gtk interface
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <gtk/gtk.h>
+
+#define stackSize 256
+
+// Insertion modes
+
+#define kSingleMode 0
+#define kBoxMode 1
+#define kTabMode 2
+
+
+class GTKUI : public UI
+{
+ private :
+       static bool                     fInitialized;
+       static list<UI*>        fGuiList;
+       
+ protected :
+       GtkWidget*      fWindow;
+       int                     fTop;
+       GtkWidget*      fBox[stackSize];
+       int             fMode[stackSize];
+       bool            fStopped;
+
+       GtkWidget* addWidget(const char* label, GtkWidget* w);
+       virtual void pushBox(int mode, GtkWidget* w);
+
+               
+ public :
+       
+       static const gboolean expand = TRUE;
+       static const gboolean fill = TRUE;
+       static const gboolean homogene = FALSE;
+                
+       GTKUI(char * name, int* pargc, char*** pargv);
+       
+       // -- layout groups
+       
+       virtual void openFrameBox(const char* label);   
+       virtual void openTabBox(const char* label = "");
+       virtual void openHorizontalBox(const char* label = "");
+       virtual void openVerticalBox(const char* label = "");
+       
+       virtual void closeBox();
+       
+       // -- active widgets
+       
+       virtual void addButton(const char* label, float* zone);
+       virtual void addToggleButton(const char* label, float* zone);
+       virtual void addCheckButton(const char* label, float* zone);
+       virtual void addVerticalSlider(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step);   
+       virtual void addHorizontalSlider(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step); 
+       virtual void addNumEntry(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step);
+       
+       // -- passive display widgets
+       
+       virtual void addNumDisplay(const char* label, float* zone, int precision);
+       virtual void addTextDisplay(const char* label, float* zone, char* names[], float min, float max);
+       virtual void addHorizontalBargraph(const char* label, float* zone, float min, float max);
+       virtual void addVerticalBargraph(const char* label, float* zone, float min, float max);
+       
+       virtual void show();
+       virtual void run();
+               
+};
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                               GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE (v2)
+                                                                 gtk implementation
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+// global static fields
+
+bool           GTKUI::fInitialized = false;
+list<UI*>      UI::fGuiList;
+
+
+
+static gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
+{
+    return FALSE; 
+}
+
+static void destroy_event( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
+{
+    gtk_main_quit ();
+}
+
+                
+GTKUI::GTKUI(char * name, int* pargc, char*** pargv) 
+{
+       if (!fInitialized) {
+               gtk_init(pargc, pargv);
+               fInitialized = true;
+       }
+       
+       fWindow = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
+       //gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (fWindow), 10);
+       gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (fWindow), name);
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (fWindow), "delete_event", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (delete_event), NULL);
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (fWindow), "destroy", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (destroy_event), NULL);
+
+       fTop = 0;
+       fBox[fTop] = gtk_vbox_new (homogene, 4);
+       fMode[fTop] = kBoxMode;
+       gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (fWindow), fBox[fTop]);
+       fStopped = false;
+}
+
+// empilement des boites
+
+void GTKUI::pushBox(int mode, GtkWidget* w)
+{
+       assert(++fTop < stackSize);
+       fMode[fTop]     = mode;
+       fBox[fTop]              = w;
+}
+
+void GTKUI::closeBox()
+{
+       assert(--fTop >= 0);
+}
+
+
+// les differentes boites
+
+void GTKUI::openFrameBox(const char* label)
+{
+       GtkWidget * box = gtk_frame_new (label);
+       //gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 10);
+                       
+       pushBox(kSingleMode, addWidget(label, box));
+}
+
+void GTKUI::openTabBox(const char* label)
+{
+       pushBox(kTabMode, addWidget(label, gtk_notebook_new ()));
+}
+
+void GTKUI::openHorizontalBox(const char* label)
+{      
+       GtkWidget * box = gtk_hbox_new (homogene, 4);
+       gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 10);
+                       
+       if (fMode[fTop] != kTabMode && label[0] != 0) {
+               GtkWidget * frame = addWidget(label, gtk_frame_new (label));
+               gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER(frame), box);
+               gtk_widget_show(box);
+               pushBox(kBoxMode, box);
+       } else {
+               pushBox(kBoxMode, addWidget(label, box));
+       }
+}
+
+void GTKUI::openVerticalBox(const char* label)
+{
+       GtkWidget * box = gtk_vbox_new (homogene, 4);
+       gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 10);
+                       
+       if (fMode[fTop] != kTabMode && label[0] != 0) {
+               GtkWidget * frame = addWidget(label, gtk_frame_new (label));
+               gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER(frame), box);
+               gtk_widget_show(box);
+               pushBox(kBoxMode, box);
+       } else {
+               pushBox(kBoxMode, addWidget(label, box));
+       }
+}
+       
+GtkWidget* GTKUI::addWidget(const char* label, GtkWidget* w)
+{ 
+       switch (fMode[fTop]) {
+               case kSingleMode        : gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER(fBox[fTop]), w);                                                     break;
+               case kBoxMode           : gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(fBox[fTop]), w, expand, fill, 0);                                 break;
+               case kTabMode           : gtk_notebook_append_page (GTK_NOTEBOOK(fBox[fTop]), w, gtk_label_new(label)); break;
+       }
+       gtk_widget_show (w);
+       return w;
+}
+
+// --------------------------- Press button ---------------------------
+
+struct uiButton : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkButton*      fButton;
+       
+       uiButton (UI* ui, float* zone, GtkButton* b) : uiItem(ui, zone), fButton(b) {}
+       
+       static void pressed( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer   data )
+       {
+               uiItem* c = (uiItem*) data;
+               c->modifyZone(1.0);
+       }
+
+       static void released( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer   data )
+       {
+               uiItem* c = (uiItem*) data;
+               c->modifyZone(0.0);
+       }
+
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v; 
+               if (v > 0.0) gtk_button_pressed(fButton); else gtk_button_released(fButton);
+       }
+};
+
+void GTKUI::addButton(const char* label, float* zone)
+{
+       *zone = 0.0;
+       GtkWidget*      button = gtk_button_new_with_label (label);
+       addWidget(label, button);
+       
+       uiButton* c = new uiButton(this, zone, GTK_BUTTON(button));
+       
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (button), "pressed", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (uiButton::pressed), (gpointer) c);
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (button), "released", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (uiButton::released), (gpointer) c);
+
+}
+
+// --------------------------- Toggle Buttons ---------------------------
+
+struct uiToggleButton : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkToggleButton* fButton;
+       
+       uiToggleButton(UI* ui, float* zone, GtkToggleButton* b) : uiItem(ui, zone), fButton(b) {}
+       
+       static void toggled (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
+       {
+       float   v = (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (widget)->active) ? 1.0 : 0.0; 
+       ((uiItem*)data)->modifyZone(v);
+       }
+
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v; 
+               gtk_toggle_button_set_active(fButton, v > 0.0); 
+       }
+};
+
+void GTKUI::addToggleButton(const char* label, float* zone)
+{
+       *zone = 0.0;
+       GtkWidget*      button = gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label (label);
+       addWidget(label, button);
+       
+       uiToggleButton* c = new uiToggleButton(this, zone, GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button));
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (button), "toggled", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (uiToggleButton::toggled), (gpointer) c);
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------- Check Button ---------------------------
+
+struct uiCheckButton : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkToggleButton* fButton;
+       
+       uiCheckButton(UI* ui, float* zone, GtkToggleButton* b) : uiItem(ui, zone), fButton(b) {}
+       
+       static void toggled (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
+       {
+       float   v = (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (widget)->active) ? 1.0 : 0.0; 
+       ((uiItem*)data)->modifyZone(v);
+       }
+
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v; 
+               gtk_toggle_button_set_active(fButton, v > 0.0); 
+       }
+};
+
+void GTKUI::addCheckButton(const char* label, float* zone)
+{
+       *zone = 0.0;
+       GtkWidget*      button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label (label);
+       addWidget(label, button);
+       
+       uiCheckButton* c = new uiCheckButton(this, zone, GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(button));
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (button), "toggled", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(uiCheckButton::toggled), (gpointer) c);
+}
+
+
+// --------------------------- Adjustmenty based widgets ---------------------------
+
+struct uiAdjustment : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkAdjustment* fAdj;
+       
+       uiAdjustment(UI* ui, float* zone, GtkAdjustment* adj) : uiItem(ui, zone), fAdj(adj) {}
+       
+       static void changed (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
+       {
+       float   v = GTK_ADJUSTMENT (widget)->value; 
+       ((uiItem*)data)->modifyZone(v);
+       }
+
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v; 
+               gtk_adjustment_set_value(fAdj, v);      
+       }
+};
+
+static int precision(double n)
+{
+       if (n < 0.009999) return 3;
+       else if (n < 0.099999) return 2;
+       else if (n < 0.999999) return 1;
+       else return 0;
+}
+
+// -------------------------- Vertical Slider -----------------------------------
+
+void GTKUI::addVerticalSlider(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step)
+{
+       *zone = init;
+       GtkObject* adj = gtk_adjustment_new(init, min, max, step, 10*step, 0);
+       
+       uiAdjustment* c = new uiAdjustment(this, zone, GTK_ADJUSTMENT(adj));
+
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (adj), "value-changed", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (uiAdjustment::changed), (gpointer) c);
+       
+       GtkWidget* slider = gtk_vscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT(adj));
+       gtk_range_set_inverted (GTK_RANGE(slider), TRUE);
+       gtk_scale_set_digits(GTK_SCALE(slider), precision(step));
+       gtk_widget_set_usize(slider, -1, 160);
+       
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, slider);
+       closeBox();
+}
+
+// -------------------------- Horizontal Slider -----------------------------------
+
+void GTKUI::addHorizontalSlider(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step)
+{
+       *zone = init;
+       GtkObject* adj = gtk_adjustment_new(init, min, max, step, 10*step, 0);
+       
+       uiAdjustment* c = new uiAdjustment(this, zone, GTK_ADJUSTMENT(adj));
+
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (adj), "value-changed", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (uiAdjustment::changed), (gpointer) c);
+       
+       GtkWidget* slider = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT(adj));
+       gtk_scale_set_digits(GTK_SCALE(slider), precision(step));
+       gtk_widget_set_usize(slider, 160, -1);
+       
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, slider);
+       closeBox();
+}
+
+
+// ------------------------------ Num Entry -----------------------------------
+
+void GTKUI::addNumEntry(const char* label, float* zone, float init, float min, float max, float step)
+{
+       *zone = init;
+       GtkObject* adj = gtk_adjustment_new(init, min, max, step, 10*step, step);
+       
+       uiAdjustment* c = new uiAdjustment(this, zone, GTK_ADJUSTMENT(adj));
+
+       gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (adj), "value-changed", GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (uiAdjustment::changed), (gpointer) c);
+       
+       GtkWidget* spinner = gtk_spin_button_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT(adj), 0.005, precision(step));
+
+       //gtk_widget_set_usize(slider, 160, -1);
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, spinner);
+       closeBox();
+}
+
+
+// ==========================  passive widgets ===============================
+
+
+// ------------------------------ Progress Bar -----------------------------------
+
+struct uiBargraph : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkProgressBar*         fProgressBar;
+       float                           fMin;
+       float                           fMax;
+       
+       uiBargraph(UI* ui, float* zone, GtkProgressBar* pbar, float lo, float hi) 
+                       : uiItem(ui, zone), fProgressBar(pbar), fMin(lo), fMax(hi) {}
+
+       float scale(float v)            { return (v-fMin)/(fMax-fMin); }
+       
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v; 
+               gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction(fProgressBar, scale(v));  
+       }
+};
+
+       
+
+void GTKUI::addVerticalBargraph(const char* label, float* zone, float lo, float hi)
+{
+       GtkWidget* pb = gtk_progress_bar_new();
+       gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation(GTK_PROGRESS_BAR(pb), GTK_PROGRESS_BOTTOM_TO_TOP);
+       gtk_widget_set_size_request(pb, 8, -1);
+       new uiBargraph(this, zone, GTK_PROGRESS_BAR(pb), lo, hi);
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, pb);
+       closeBox();
+}
+       
+
+void GTKUI::addHorizontalBargraph(const char* label, float* zone, float lo, float hi)
+{
+       GtkWidget* pb = gtk_progress_bar_new();
+       gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation(GTK_PROGRESS_BAR(pb), GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT);
+       gtk_widget_set_size_request(pb, -1, 8);
+       new uiBargraph(this, zone, GTK_PROGRESS_BAR(pb), lo, hi);
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, pb);
+       closeBox();
+}
+
+
+// ------------------------------ Num Display -----------------------------------
+
+struct uiNumDisplay : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkLabel* fLabel;
+       int     fPrecision;
+       
+       uiNumDisplay(UI* ui, float* zone, GtkLabel* label, int precision) 
+                       : uiItem(ui, zone), fLabel(label), fPrecision(precision) {}
+
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v;
+               char s[64]; 
+               if (fPrecision <= 0) { 
+                       snprintf(s, 63, "%d", int(v)); 
+               } else if (fPrecision>3) {
+                       snprintf(s, 63, "%f", v);
+               } else {
+                       const char* format[] = {"%.1f", "%.2f", "%.3f"};
+                       snprintf(s, 63, format[fPrecision-1], v);
+               }
+               gtk_label_set_text(fLabel, s);
+       }
+};
+       
+
+void GTKUI::addNumDisplay(const char* label, float* zone, int precision )
+{
+       GtkWidget* lw = gtk_label_new("");
+       new uiNumDisplay(this, zone, GTK_LABEL(lw), precision);
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, lw);
+       closeBox();
+}
+
+
+// ------------------------------ Text Display -----------------------------------
+
+struct uiTextDisplay : public uiItem
+{
+       GtkLabel*       fLabel;
+       char**          fNames;
+       float           fMin;
+       float           fMax;
+       int                     fNum;
+       
+       
+       uiTextDisplay (UI* ui, float* zone, GtkLabel* label, char* names[], float lo, float hi) 
+                       : uiItem(ui, zone), fLabel(label), fNames(names), fMin(lo), fMax(hi)  
+       {
+               fNum = 0;
+               while (fNames[fNum] != 0) fNum++;
+       }
+
+       virtual void reflectZone()      
+       { 
+               float   v = *fZone;
+               fCache = v;
+               
+               int idx = int(fNum*(v-fMin)/(fMax-fMin));
+               
+               if              (idx < 0)               idx = 0; 
+               else if (idx >= fNum)   idx = fNum-1;
+                               
+               gtk_label_set_text(fLabel, fNames[idx]); 
+       }
+};
+       
+
+void GTKUI::addTextDisplay(const char* label, float* zone, char* names[], float lo, float hi )
+{
+       GtkWidget* lw = gtk_label_new("");
+       new uiTextDisplay (this, zone, GTK_LABEL(lw), names, lo, hi);
+       openFrameBox(label);
+       addWidget(label, lw);
+       closeBox();
+}
+
+
+
+void GTKUI::show() 
+{
+       assert(fTop == 0);
+       gtk_widget_show  (fBox[0]);
+       gtk_widget_show  (fWindow);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Update all user items reflecting zone z
+ */
+       
+static gboolean callUpdateAllGuis(gpointer)
+{ 
+       UI::updateAllGuis(); 
+       return TRUE;
+}
+
+
+void GTKUI::run() 
+{
+       assert(fTop == 0);
+       gtk_widget_show  (fBox[0]);
+       gtk_widget_show  (fWindow);
+       gtk_timeout_add(40, callUpdateAllGuis, 0);
+       gtk_main ();
+       stop();
+}
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                               DSP
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+
+//----------------------------------------------------------------
+//  Definition of a Faust Digital Signal Processor
+//----------------------------------------------------------------
+                       
+class dsp {
+ protected:
+       int fSamplingFreq;
+        int fThreadNum;
+ public:
+       dsp() {}
+       virtual ~dsp() {}
+       
+       virtual int getNumInputs()                                                                              = 0;
+       virtual int getNumOutputs()                                                                     = 0;
+    virtual void buildUserInterface(UI* interface)                                     = 0;
+    virtual void init(int samplingRate)                                                        = 0;
+       virtual void compute(int len, float** inputs, float** outputs)  = 0;
+       virtual void conclude()                                                                                 {}
+};
+               
+               
+<<includeclass>>
+
+                                               
+mydsp  DSP;
+
+
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************
+
+                                                               MAIN PLAY THREAD
+
+*******************************************************************************
+*******************************************************************************/
+       
+// lopt : Scan Command Line long int Arguments
+
+long lopt (int argc, char *argv[], const char* longname, const char* shortname, long def) 
+{
+       for (int i=2; i<argc; i++) 
+               if ( strcmp(argv[i-1], shortname) == 0 || strcmp(argv[i-1], longname) == 0 ) 
+                       return atoi(argv[i]);
+       return def;
+}
+       
+// sopt : Scan Command Line string Arguments
+
+const char* sopt (int argc, char *argv[], const char* longname, const char* shortname, const char* def) 
+{
+       for (int i=2; i<argc; i++) 
+               if ( strcmp(argv[i-1], shortname) == 0 || strcmp(argv[i-1], longname) == 0 ) 
+                       return argv[i];
+       return def;
+}
+       
+// fopt : Scan Command Line flag option (without argument), return true if the flag
+
+bool fopt (int argc, char *argv[], const char* longname, const char* shortname) 
+{
+       for (int i=1; i<argc; i++) 
+               if ( strcmp(argv[i], shortname) == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], longname) == 0 ) 
+                       return true;
+       return false;
+}
+       
+
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//                                                                     MAIN
+//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+pthread_t      guithread;
+       
+void* run_ui(void* ptr)
+{
+       UI* interface = (UI*) ptr;
+       interface->run();
+       pthread_exit(0);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[] )
+{
+       CHECKINTSIZE;
+
+       UI*     interface = new GTKUI(argv[0], &argc, &argv);
+       
+       // compute rcfilename to (re)store application state
+       char    rcfilename[256];
+       char*   home = getenv("HOME");
+       snprintf(rcfilename, 255, "%s/.%src", home, basename(argv[0]));
+       
+       AudioInterface  audio (
+               AudioParam().cardName( sopt(argc, argv, "--device", "-d", "hw:0") ) 
+                                       .frequency( lopt(argc, argv, "--frequency", "-f", 44100) ) 
+                                       .buffering( lopt(argc, argv, "--buffer", "-b", 1024) )
+                                       .periods( lopt(argc, argv, "--periods", "-p", 2) )
+                                       .inputs(DSP.getNumInputs())
+                                       .outputs(DSP.getNumOutputs())
+       );
+
+       AVOIDDENORMALS;
+       audio.open();
+       
+    DSP.init(audio.frequency());
+    DSP.buildUserInterface(interface);
+       
+       interface->recallState(rcfilename);
+
+       pthread_create(&guithread, NULL, run_ui, interface);
+       
+       bool rt = setRealtimePriority();
+       printf(rt?"RT : ":"NRT: "); audio.shortinfo();
+       if (fopt(argc, argv, "--verbose", "-v")) audio.longinfo();
+       bool running = true;
+       audio.write();
+       audio.write();
+       openMesure();
+       while(running) {
+               audio.read();
+    STARTMESURE
+               DSP.compute(audio.buffering(), audio.inputSoftChannels(), audio.outputSoftChannels());
+    STOPMESURE  
+               audio.write();
+               running = mesure <= (KMESURE + KSKIP);
+       }
+       closeMesure();
+       interface->saveState(rcfilename);
+
+#ifdef BENCHMARKMODE
+    printstats(argv[0], audio.buffering(), DSP.getNumInputs(), DSP.getNumOutputs());
+#endif       
+
+       return 0;
+}